Cartograms as Tumoresque Insects

FastCompany.com's Infographic of the Day highlights Ballooning Population Maps:



Cartograms are often used to illustrate population density vs the area of a geographical entity. The BBC asks:

Conventional maps show the shape of a country according to its land mass. But what if you drew a map according to where people lived?

Visit People Powered Maps to see nations inflate around their population centers.

Thanks to geoparigm who asks, "Does anyone else think Cartograms look like tumoresque insects?"

Purple States of America 2008

Mark Newman has already come out with his 2008 Election Cartograms. (Last year I highlighted his 2004 Election Cartograms.)

Take the standard electoral vote maps we have been seeing since election night, and adjust the shape and size of each state for population and you get this:



It gives some real perspective on the size of Barack Obama's electoral vote landslide. However, as we know, in many of these states, the popular vote was very close. Re-color the map to show how the counties voted; strongly for Obama is dark blue, strongly for McCain is bright red, and shades of purple for everything in between...



Once again, the nation is bruised, but carries on...

UPDATE

Declan Butler has his own calculations for a population cartogram. He also includes Hawaii and Alaska (that sort of looks like a squashed bug...)

Cartographia: Mapping Civlizations

I know this book as been noted elsewhere, but I finally had an opportunity to go through it in detail when my library recieved its copy.

Cartographia: Mapping Civilizations by Vincent Virga and The Library of Congress. This gorgeous coffee table-sized book attempts to represent a broad range of maps and mapping, from the earliest times to the present, as well as eastern and western traditions. Most of the maps come from the collections of the Library of Congress.

From the flyleaf:

More than 200 maps, selected from the Geography and Map Division of the Library of Congress — the largest cartographic collection in the world — are reproduced in this sumptuous volume. Some of the rarest and most spectacular maps ever made are featured here, including:

• The Waldseemüller Map of the World from 1507, the first to include the designation "America"
• Pages from Ortelius's Theatrum Orbis Terrarum of 1570, considered the first modern atlas
• Rare maps from Africa, Asia, and Oceania that challenge traditional Western perspectives
• William Faulkner's hand-drawn 1936 map of the fictional Yoknapatawpha County, Mississippi
• A 2001 map of the human genome

With their accompanying stories, the vivid color plates in Cartographia introduce the reader to an exciting new way of reading maps as travelogues—as living histories from the earliest imaginings about planet Earth to our current attempts at charting cyberspace, the latest of our “last frontiers.”

Here is a very ancient map, in cuneiform, from ancient Mesopotamia.

Below is a very Japanese map of Japan on porcelain.

As an example of modern maps, and the different ways they can present information, the authors also included Gastner, Shalizi, and Newman's 2004 presidential election cartograms.

A worthy addition to any cartophile's book collection.

The Purple States of America

In How to Lie with Maps, Mark Monmonier discusses how maps can give false impressions. A perfect example of this is the map of the United States used to show "popularity". Many of the physically large states in the West have relatively smaller populations than the "smaller" states in the East.

Michael Gastner, Cosma Shalizi, and Mark Newman of the University of Michigan make an excellent demonstration of this cartographic "lie" with their analysis of voting in the 2004 Presidential Election. Some sample maps:

To look at a standard electoral map of the United States, it would appear that a significant majority of the nation is "red", or voting Republican. Look at all the "red" on the map!:



However, if you make a population cartogram (adjusting the size of the states by their relative population) you can see just how close the election really was:



Yet, is Ohio really all red, and Michigan really all blue? Of course not. So if you color the nation county-by-county, and give those counties different shades of colors between red and blue, based on how strong the vote was, you get something like this:



So, basically, after the 2004 election, the nation was one big bruise...

Read the full analysis and progression of 2004 presidential Electoral maps, or the author's breakdown of the 2006 Congressional elections, or more fun with international socio-economic cartograms as well as the World Mapper.